DR. OSCAR MORENO REG. CHINESE MEDICINE PRACTITIONER & ACUPUNCTURE
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Remedio Casero para Inmunidad y Apoyo Antiviral

31/3/2020

 
Picture
Amigos y pacientes de habla Hispana,


Esta es una traducción de un blog que escribí previamente en Inglés. Mi propósito es poder hacer llegar esta información a gente de habla hispana. Por favor pásenlo a sus amigos y familiares como una ayuda posible y fácil de hacer en casa durante esta pandemia.


Por causa de la pandemia del COVID19, estamos pasando a través de un periodo dentro de nuestra casa la mayoría del tiempo, mientras que esperamos que acaben estos tiempos difíciles.

Debido esto, he escrito una receta de un remedio de yerbas y especias caseras que a lo mejor puede asistir al sistema inmune y tener una aplicación antiviral. Yo tomo este remedio todos los días en mi casa y lo quiero compartir con ustedes.

He puesto información acerca de las posibles reacciones con medicamentos y de investigación científica respecto a este remedio en este blog. POR FAVOR LÉANLO POR COMPLETO ANTES DE CONSUMIR ESTE REMEDIO DE YERBAS.



LIMITACIÓN DE RESPONSABILIDAD:

Esto no es una cura para el COVID19 ya que todavía no hay pruebas de una. Tampoco esta probado como un preventivo para COVID19.

SI USTED ESTA ENFERMO CON SÍNTOMAS DE RESFRIADO O GRIPA, POR FAVOR CONSULTE A SU MÉDICO DE FORMA INMEDIATA.



El remedio casero:

Este remedio casero se basa en yerbas y especias que se pueden comprar en un supermercado.

ADVERTENCIA: No consuma las versiones de aceites esenciales de estas substancias sin consultar a un profesional en la materia.


Dosis diaria para adultos (por persona):

Anís          10g
Canela      5g
Jengibre   5g
Ajo            Un diente


Dosis diaria para niños arriba de 5 años (por niño):

Anís          4g
Canela      2g
Jengibre   2g
Ajo            Un tercio de diente


Método de preparación:


Ponga los ingredientes en una olla excepto el ajo. Añada dos tazas de agua y caliente hasta que empiece a hervir. Después déjela hervir en fuego lento por 45 minutos. Añada el ajo triturado al final cuando apague el fuego. Tome una taza tibia en la mañana y una en la tarde. Puede mezclar con miel y limón para mejor sabor.


Si síntomas de gripa o resfriado ocurren:
(Una ves mas, esto no es una cura probada para coronavirus y tiene que consultar a su médico si esto ocurre).



Dosis diaria para adultos (por persona):

Anís          12g
Canela      6g
Jengibre   6g
Ajo           Un diente y medio


Dosis diaria para niños arriba de 5 años (por niño):

Anís          6g
Canela      4g
Jengibre   4g
Ajo            Un diente


Método de preparación:

Ponga los ingredientes en una olla excepto el ajo. Añada tres tazas de agua y caliente hasta que empiece a hervir. Después déjela hervir en fuego lento por 45 minutos. Añada el ajo triturado al final cuando apague el fuego. Tome una taza tibia en la mañana y una en la tarde y una en la noche. Puede mezclar con miel y limón para mejor sabor.


CONTRAINDICACIONES:

NO CONSUMIR AL MISMO TIEMPO QUE MEDICAMENTOS DE RECETA. TOME AL MENOS 2 HORAS DESPUÉS DE MEDICAMENTOS DE RECETAS Y LEA LA INFORMACIÓN QUE SIGUE ACERCA DE INTERACCIONES CON MEDICAMENTOS

Si usted toma anticoagulantes (Coumadin), antihipertensivos, paracetamol, metmorfina, o flagil, por favor lea la sección de interacciones con medicamentos.


Dosis especial para gente en medicamentos de receta. Dosis se basa en medidas standard de consumo normal (como comida).


Adultos:

Si toma adelgazadores de sangre, anticoagulantes o antihipertensivos, reduzca el anís a 6g, la canela y el jengibre a 3g y el ajo a medio diente. Divida esta dosis en dos tazas por día.


Niños arriba de 5 años:

Si toman adelgazadores de sangre, anticoagulantes o antihipertensivos, reduzca el anís a 2.5g, el jengibre y la canela a 1g y el ajo a un cuarto de diente. Divida esta dosis en dos tazas por día.



INTERACCIONES YERBAS-MEDICAMENTOS (ES IMPORTANTE LEERLO):

-El ajo puede hacer mas fuerte el efecto de medicamentos anticoagulantes como Warfarin (Coumadin) y antihipertensivos (24,27) y puede ser peligros. También puede afectar la velocidad en que otros medicamentos son metabolizados (27).


-El anís puede reducir la cantidad de acetaminofeno (paracetamol) disponible en la sangre (28).


-El jengibre puede hacer mas fuerte el efecto anticoagulante y antiplaquetario de medicamentos como Warfarin (Coumadin) (30) que puede ser peligroso. También puede interactuar con medicamentos antiinflamatorios y para la presión sanguínea (30). También ha interactuado con Metronidazol (Flagil) (29) en estudios con conejos.


-La canela puede empeorar el daño al hígado causado por medicamentos con tal efecto (31,32). También puede afectar la absorción de Metformina en estudios con ratones donde ha afectado el metabolismo de la glucosa (31,32). Adicionalmente, la canela puede incrementar los efectos de drogas anticoagulantes como Warfarin (Coumadin) (33). También, no debe de ser consumida por aquellos con daño en el hígado (9). 



INVESTIGACION MODERNA:

La medicina de yerbas que promueven el sistema inmune y tratan enfermedades virales ha sido usada en la medicina China por mucho tiempo (19,20). La información siguiente puede ayudar a explicar la posible aplicación de las yerbas en este remedio.


Anís:

La investigación muestra potencial antiviral (2,5,6,7,8), antimicrobial (1,2), antiherpetico (5,8) y antiparasitico (2). Hay evidencia que apunta a efectos broncodilatadores y expectorantes (6), y posible beneficio contra infecciones de garganta e influenza (2,6). Además, es uno de los precursores principales para la fabricación del medicamento antiviral Tamiflu (2,4,6,7).


Canela: 

Hay evidencia que demuestra propiedades antivirales (10,11,12) y antimicrobiales que pueden ayudar en infecciones del tracto respiratorio (2,9,10,13,14), que posiblemente ayuden contra las infecciones de los virus de influenza (10,11,12). También ha demostrado efectos antiherpeticos (10) y actividad inmunoregulatoria (11).


Jengibre:

Ha demostrado propiedades antivirales (16,18,19,20), antimicrobiales (2,15,18,20), antiherpeticas (5) y efectos inmunoregulatorios (15). Tiene efectos positivos contra los virus de influenza y asiste durante infecciones del tracto respiratorio (3,15,16), aparte de poder ayudar en los síntomas de falta de aliento y jadeo en casos de asma (17). El jengibre fresco es el mejor para efectos en el sistema respiratorio (18).


Ajo:

La investigación revela efectos antivirales (2,3,22,23,24), antiherpeticos (23), antimicrobiales (2,22,23,24,26) y antiparasiticos (2,22,23,24). También hay evidencia de efectos contra bacteria (26) y viruses de influenza (23,24) relacionados a infecciones respiratorias y a neumonía viral (23). Además, posee actividad inmunomodulatoria al incrementar el potencial inmune y al mismo tiempo reducir la hiperinmunidad en algunas reacciones alérgicas (21,22,24,25).   


Referencias:


  1. Benmalek, et. al. (2013). Anti-microbial and anti-oxidant activities of Illicium verum, Crataegus oxyacantha ssp monogyna and Allium cepa red and white varieties. Bioengineered 4:4, 244–248; July/August 2013; © 2013 Landes Bioscience
  2. Souza, et. al. (2017). Pharmaceutical Perspectives of Spices and Condiments as Alternative Antimicrobial Remedy. Journal of Evidence-Based Complementary & Alternative Medicine 2017, Vol. 22(4) 1002-1010
  3. Arora, R, et. al. (2011). Potential of Complementary and Alternative Medicine in Preventive Management of Novel H1N1 Flu (Swine Flu) Pandemic: Thwarting Potential Disasters in the Bud. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine Volume 2011, Article ID 586506, 16 pages
  4. Gosh, S., et. al. (2012). Production of shikimic acid. Biotechnol Adv. 2012 Nov-Dec;30(6):1425-31. doi: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2012.03.001.
  5. Rai, M. K., Kon, K. V. (2013). Fighting Multi-Drug Resistance with Herbal Extracts, Essential Oils and their Compounds: Chapter 17: Development of New Anti-Herpetic Drugs. pp. 250-251; 256. Elsevier Publishing, Printed in the USA
  6. Shahrajabian, M. H., Sun, W., Cheng, Q. (2019). Chinese star anise and anise, magic herbs in traditional Chinese medicine and modern pharmaceutical science. Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. 2019, 5 (3), 162-179; doi: 10.3329/ajmbr.v5i3.43584
  7. Patra, J. K., et. al. (2020). Star anise (Illicium verum): Chemical compounds, antiviral properties, and clinical relevance. Phytotherapy Research. Taken on March 23, 2020, from https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.6614
  8. Astani, A., Reichling, J., Schnitzler P. (2011). Screening for antiviral activities of isolated compounds from essential oils. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2011;2011:253643. doi: 10.1093/ecam/nep187. Epub 2011 Feb 14. Taken on March 23, 2020, from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20008902
  9. Kawatra, P., & Rajagolapan, R. (2015). Cinnamon: Mystic powers of a minute ingredient. Pharmacognosy Res. 2015 Jun; 7(Suppl 1): S1–S6. doi: 10.4103/0974-8490.157990
  10. Winska, K., et. al. (2019). Essential Oils as Antimicrobial Agents—Myth or Real Alternative?. Molecules 2019, 24, 2130; doi:10.3390/molecules24112130
  11. Zhang, C., et. al. (2019). Cinnamomum cassia Presl: A Review of Its Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry, Pharmacology and Toxicology. Molecules 2019, 24, 3473; doi:10.3390/molecules24193473
  12. Fatima, M., et. al. (2016). In Vitro Antiviral Activity of Cinnamomum cassia and Its Nanoparticles Against H7N3 Influenza A Virus. J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2016 Jan;26(1):151-9. doi: 10.4014/jmb.1508.08024. Taken March 23, 2020, from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26403820
  13. Al-Dhubiab, B. E. (2012). Pharmaceutical applications and phytochemical profile of Cinnamomum burmannii. Pharmacogn Rev. 2012 Jul-Dec; 6(12): 125–131.doi: 10.4103/0973-7847.99946. Taken March 23, 2020, from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3459454/ 
  14. Acs, K., et. al. (2018). Antibacterial activity evaluation of selected essential oils in liquid and vapor phase on respiratory tract pathogens. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine (2018) 18:227 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906-018-2291-9
  15. Mao, Q. Q., et. al. (2019). Bioactive Compounds and Bioactivities of Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe). Foods 2019, 8, 185; doi:10.3390/foods8060185
  16. Khodaie, L., & Sadeghpoor, O. (2015). Ginger From Ancient Times to the New Outlook. Jundishapur J Nat Pharm Prod. 2015 February; 10(1): e18402.
  17. Rouhi, H., et. al. (2006). Effects of Ginger on the Improvement of Asthma [The Evaluation of Its` Treatmental Effects]. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 5: 373-376. DOI: 10.3923/pjn.2006.373.376 
  18. Chang, JS., et. al. (2013). Fresh ginger (Zingiber officinale) has anti-viral activity against human respiratory syncytial virus in human respiratory tract cell lines. J Ethnopharmacol. 2013 Jan 9;145(1):146-51. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2012.10.043. Epub 2012 Nov 1.
  19. Lin, L. L., et. al. (2016). Application of Traditional Chinese Medical Herbs in Preventionand Treatment of Respiratory Syncytial Virus. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative MedicineVolume 2016, Article ID 6082729, 13 pageshttp://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/6082729
  20. Gulati, K., et. al. (2016). Nutraceuticals in Respiratory Disorders. Nutraceuticals, pp.75-86. DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-12-802147-7.00006-1
  21. Arreola, R., et. al. (2015). Immunomodulation and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Garlic Compounds. Journal of Immunology ResearchVolume 2015, Article ID 401630, 13 pages http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/401630
  22. Foroutan-Rad, M., et. al. (2017). Antileishmanial and Immunomodulatory Activity of Allium sativum (Garlic): A Review. Journal of Evidence-Based Complementary & Alternative Medicine 2017, Vol. 22(1) 141-155
  23. Bayan, L., et. al. (2014). Garlic: a review of potential therapeutic effects. Avicenna J Phytomed, 2014; 4 (1): 1-14.
  24. Mikaili, P., (2013). Therapeutic Uses and Pharmacological Properties of Garlic, Shallot, and Their Biologically Active Compounds. Iran J Basic Med Sci; 2013; 16: 1031-1048.
  25. Daliri, E. BM., et al. (2018). Effects of different processing methods on the antioxidant and immune stimulating abilities of garlic. Food Sci Nutr. 2019;7:1222–1229. DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.942
  26. 26. Nakamoto, M., et. al. (2019). Antimicrobial properties of hydrophobic compounds in garlic: Allicin, vinyldithiin, ajoene and diallyl polysulfides (Review). Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 19: 1550-1553, 2020. DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.8388
  27. Adhikari, A., et. al. (2015). Is Garlic a Safe Remedy: An Overlook Herb-Drug Interaction?. American Journal of Phytomedicine and Clinical Therapeutics. [3][10][2015] 622-632
  28. Samojlik, I., et. al. (2016). Pharmacokinetic Herb-Drug Interaction between Essential Oil of Aniseed (Pimpinella anisum L., Apiaceae) and Acetaminophen and Caffeine: A Potential Risk for Clinical Practice. Phytother Res. 2016 Feb;30(2):253-9. doi: 10.1002/ptr.5523. Epub 2015 Dec 1.
  29. Okonta, J. M., et. al. (2008). Herb-Drug Interaction: A Case Study of Effect of Ginger on the Pharmacokinetic of Metronidazole in Rabbit. Indian J Pharm Sci. 2008 Mar-Apr; 70(2): 230–232. doi: 10.4103/0250-474X.41462
  30. WebMD. (2020). GINGER - Interactions. Taken March 23, 2020, from: https://www.webmd.com/vitamins/ai/ingredientmono-961/ginger
  31. Ashoor, LA., et. al. (2010). Potential interactions between Cinnamon and Metformin treatment in diabetic rats. Biosciences Biotechnology Research Asia 7(2):607-616
  32. WebMD. (2020). CASSIA CINNAMON - Interactions. Taken March 23, 2020, from: https://www.webmd.com/vitamins/ai/ingredientmono-1002/cassia-cinnamon
  33. Maadarani, O., et. al. (2019). Adding Herbal Products to Direct-Acting Oral Anticoagulants Can Be Fatal. Eur J Case Rep Intern Med. 2019; 6(8): 001190. Published online 2019 Jul 19. doi: 10.12890/2019_001190












 







 






Home Remedy for Immune and Antiviral Support

27/3/2020

 
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Hello patients and friends,


Due to the current COVID19 pandemic, we are going through a period where we are becoming homebound while waiting for these challenging times to come to an end.

Due to this, I have put together some info for a home-made remedy which might be able to help regulate our immune system and which could have an antiviral application. I personally take this while at home and I wanted to share it with you.

At the bottom there is information available into possible drug-herb interactions and modern research for each herb. PLEASE HAVE A THOROUGH READ OF THIS ARTICLE BEFORE CONSUMPTION OF THIS HOME REMEDY



DISCLAIMER:


This is not a cure for COVID19 as there are no proven ones existing at the moment. Also, this is not a proven or accepted preventative for it.


IF YOU BECOME SICK WITH FLU OR COLD LIKE SYMPTOMS, YOU NEED TO CONTACT YOUR GP STRAIGHT AWAY BY CALLING THEIR CLINIC




The Home Remedy:


This home-remedy is based on herbs that can be accessed at the common supermarket.

WARNING:
Don't use an essential oil version of this herbs without proper professional advice. 


Daily dose for adults (per person):

Star Anise 10g
Cinnamon 5g
Ginger 5g
Garlic One clove


Daily dose for children above 5yo (per children):

Star Anise 4g
Cinnamon 2g
Ginger 2g
Garlic 1/3 of a garlic clove


Method:

Place ingredients together in a pot except for the garlic. Add 2 cups of water and bring it to the boil. Then simmer for 45 minutes. Crush the garlic into the mixture at the end. Drink one warm cup morning and one warm cup in the evening. Can add manuka honey and lemon to add better taste.



If cold and flu symptoms take place:
(Once again, this is not a cure for coronavirus and you need to contact your GP/doctor straight away by calling them.)


Adults:

Star Anise 12g
Cinnamon 6g
Ginger 6g
Garlic One 1/2 clove


Children above 5yo (per children):

Star Anise 6g
Cinnamon 4g
Ginger 4g
Garlic 1 garlic clove


Method:

Place ingredients together in a pot except for the garlic. Add 3 cups of water and bring it to the boil. Then simmer for 45 minutes. Crush the garlic into the mixture at the end. Drink one warm cup morning and one warm cup in the afternoon and one warm cup in the evening. Can add manuka honey and lemon to add better taste.




CONTRAINDICATIONS:

DO NOT TAKE TOGETHER WITH PRESCRIPTION MEDICATIONS. TAKE AT LEAST 2 HRS AWAY AFTER PRESCRIPTION MEDICATIONS AND READ INFO BELOW ABOUT DRUG-HERB INTERACTIONS

If taking prescription medications, particularly anticoagulants (warfarin), antihypertensives, paracetamol, metformin, flagil; please red the drug-herb interaction guide below. 


Specialised dose for those on prescription drugs. Amounts are based in food level consumption:

Adults:

If taking blood thinners or anti-hypertensive drugs, reduce ginger to 3g, star anise to 6g, cinnamon to 3g and garlic 1/2 garlic clove. Divide this dose into two cups to take two doses per day.


Children:

If taking blood thinners or anti-hypertensive drugs, reduce ginger to 1g, star anise to 2.5g, cinnamon to 1g and garlic to 1/4 of a garlic clove. Divide this dose into two cups to take two doses per day.




DRUG-HERB INTERACTIONS (IMPORTANT TO READ):


-Garlic can accentuate the effect of anticoagulants and hypertensive medications(24, 27) which can be dangerous. It can also affect the rate on which other drugs are metabolised (27). 


-Star anise can reduce the amount of acetaminophen (paracetamol) actively available in the blood (28).


-Ginger can enhance the effect of anticoagulant and antiplatelet medications such as warfarin (30) which can be dangerous. It can also interact with anti-inflammatory drugs and blood pressure medications (30) and has been found to interact with Metronidazole (Flagil) (29) in studies with rabbits.


-Cinnamon can accentuate the liver damage caused by medications that can cause such effect (31, 32). Cinnamon can also interact with Metformin absorption in rat models with adverse consequences for glucose metabolism. (31, 32). In addition, Cinnamon can accentuate the effect of anticoagulant drugs with the possibility of dangerous consequences (33). Finally, it should not be taken by those with liver damage (9).




MODERN RESEARCH:

Herbs for immune regulation function with antiviral and antibacterial effects for respiratory infections have been used in Chinese medicine for a long time (19,20). The following is some information that might be useful to explain the possible application for each of these herbs. 


Star Anise:

Research has shown antiviral (2,5,6,7,8), antimicrobial (1,2), antiherpetic (5,8) and antiparasitic potential (2). There is some evidence pointing at bronchodilator, expectorant (6) and possible benefit to throat infections and influenza (2,6). In addition, star anise is one of the main precursors for the production of the antiviral drug Tamiflu (2,4,6,7).


Cinnamon:

Evidence reveals antiviral (10,11,12) and antimicrobial properties which can benefit respiratory tract infections (2,9,10,13,14) with possible assistance against influenza virus (10,11,12). It also shows antiherpetic properties (10) and has shown some immunoregulatory activity (11).


Ginger:

It has displayed antiviral (16,18,19,20), antimicrobial (2,15,18,20), antiherpetic (5), and immune regulating properties (15). It can have positive effects against Influenza viruses and assistance during respiratory tract infections (15,16), as well as the possibility of alleviating symptoms of shortness of breath and wheezing in asthma (17). Finally, fresh ginger is better for respiratory applications (18).


Garlic:

Research has shown antiviral (2,3,22,23,24), antiherpetic (23), antimicrobial (2,22,23,24,26), and antiparasitic effects (2,22,23,24). It can show potential activity against bacteria (26) and influenza viruses (23,24) in respiratory tract infections and viral pneumonia (23). It also possesses immunomodulatory activity by increasing immunity but decreasing hyper immunity in some allergic reactions (21,22,24,25). 



References:


  1. Benmalek, et. al. (2013). Anti-microbial and anti-oxidant activities of Illicium verum, Crataegus oxyacantha ssp monogyna and Allium cepa red and white varieties. Bioengineered 4:4, 244–248; July/August 2013; © 2013 Landes Bioscience
  2. Souza, et. al. (2017). Pharmaceutical Perspectives of Spices and Condiments as Alternative Antimicrobial Remedy. Journal of Evidence-Based Complementary & Alternative Medicine 2017, Vol. 22(4) 1002-1010
  3. Arora, R, et. al. (2011). Potential of Complementary and Alternative Medicine in Preventive Management of Novel H1N1 Flu (Swine Flu) Pandemic: Thwarting Potential Disasters in the Bud. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine Volume 2011, Article ID 586506, 16 pages
  4. Gosh, S., et. al. (2012). Production of shikimic acid. Biotechnol Adv. 2012 Nov-Dec;30(6):1425-31. doi: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2012.03.001.
  5. Rai, M. K., Kon, K. V. (2013). Fighting Multi-Drug Resistance with Herbal Extracts, Essential Oils and their Compounds: Chapter 17: Development of New Anti-Herpetic Drugs. pp. 250-251; 256. Elsevier Publishing, Printed in the USA
  6. Shahrajabian, M. H., Sun, W., Cheng, Q. (2019). Chinese star anise and anise, magic herbs in traditional Chinese medicine and modern pharmaceutical science. Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. 2019, 5 (3), 162-179; doi: 10.3329/ajmbr.v5i3.43584
  7. Patra, J. K., et. al. (2020). Star anise (Illicium verum): Chemical compounds, antiviral properties, and clinical relevance. Phytotherapy Research. Taken on March 23, 2020, from https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.6614
  8. Astani, A., Reichling, J., Schnitzler P. (2011). Screening for antiviral activities of isolated compounds from essential oils. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2011;2011:253643. doi: 10.1093/ecam/nep187. Epub 2011 Feb 14. Taken on March 23, 2020, from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20008902
  9. Kawatra, P., & Rajagolapan, R. (2015). Cinnamon: Mystic powers of a minute ingredient. Pharmacognosy Res. 2015 Jun; 7(Suppl 1): S1–S6. doi: 10.4103/0974-8490.157990
  10. Winska, K., et. al. (2019). Essential Oils as Antimicrobial Agents—Myth or Real Alternative?. Molecules 2019, 24, 2130; doi:10.3390/molecules24112130
  11. Zhang, C., et. al. (2019). Cinnamomum cassia Presl: A Review of Its Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry, Pharmacology and Toxicology. Molecules 2019, 24, 3473; doi:10.3390/molecules24193473
  12. Fatima, M., et. al. (2016). In Vitro Antiviral Activity of Cinnamomum cassia and Its Nanoparticles Against H7N3 Influenza A Virus. J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2016 Jan;26(1):151-9. doi: 10.4014/jmb.1508.08024. Taken March 23, 2020, from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26403820
  13. Al-Dhubiab, B. E. (2012). Pharmaceutical applications and phytochemical profile of Cinnamomum burmannii. Pharmacogn Rev. 2012 Jul-Dec; 6(12): 125–131.doi: 10.4103/0973-7847.99946. Taken March 23, 2020, from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3459454/ 
  14. Acs, K., et. al. (2018). Antibacterial activity evaluation of selected essential oils in liquid and vapor phase on respiratory tract pathogens. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine (2018) 18:227 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906-018-2291-9
  15. Mao, Q. Q., et. al. (2019). Bioactive Compounds and Bioactivities of Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe). Foods 2019, 8, 185; doi:10.3390/foods8060185
  16. Khodaie, L., & Sadeghpoor, O. (2015). Ginger From Ancient Times to the New Outlook. Jundishapur J Nat Pharm Prod. 2015 February; 10(1): e18402.
  17. Rouhi, H., et. al. (2006). Effects of Ginger on the Improvement of Asthma [The Evaluation of Its` Treatmental Effects]. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 5: 373-376. DOI: 10.3923/pjn.2006.373.376 
  18. Chang, JS., et. al. (2013). Fresh ginger (Zingiber officinale) has anti-viral activity against human respiratory syncytial virus in human respiratory tract cell lines. J Ethnopharmacol. 2013 Jan 9;145(1):146-51. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2012.10.043. Epub 2012 Nov 1.
  19. Lin, L. L., et. al. (2016). Application of Traditional Chinese Medical Herbs in Preventionand Treatment of Respiratory Syncytial Virus. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative MedicineVolume 2016, Article ID 6082729, 13 pageshttp://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/6082729
  20. Gulati, K., et. al. (2016). Nutraceuticals in Respiratory Disorders. Nutraceuticals, pp.75-86. DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-12-802147-7.00006-1
  21. Arreola, R., et. al. (2015). Immunomodulation and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Garlic Compounds. Journal of Immunology ResearchVolume 2015, Article ID 401630, 13 pages http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/401630
  22. Foroutan-Rad, M., et. al. (2017). Antileishmanial and Immunomodulatory Activity of Allium sativum (Garlic): A Review. Journal of Evidence-Based Complementary & Alternative Medicine 2017, Vol. 22(1) 141-155
  23. Bayan, L., et. al. (2014). Garlic: a review of potential therapeutic effects. Avicenna J Phytomed, 2014; 4 (1): 1-14.
  24. Mikaili, P., (2013). Therapeutic Uses and Pharmacological Properties of Garlic, Shallot, and Their Biologically Active Compounds. Iran J Basic Med Sci; 2013; 16: 1031-1048.
  25. Daliri, E. BM., et al. (2018). Effects of different processing methods on the antioxidant and immune stimulating abilities of garlic. Food Sci Nutr. 2019;7:1222–1229. DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.942
  26. 26. Nakamoto, M., et. al. (2019). Antimicrobial properties of hydrophobic compounds in garlic: Allicin, vinyldithiin, ajoene and diallyl polysulfides (Review). Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 19: 1550-1553, 2020. DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.8388
  27. Adhikari, A., et. al. (2015). Is Garlic a Safe Remedy: An Overlook Herb-Drug Interaction?. American Journal of Phytomedicine and Clinical Therapeutics. [3][10][2015] 622-632
  28. Samojlik, I., et. al. (2016). Pharmacokinetic Herb-Drug Interaction between Essential Oil of Aniseed (Pimpinella anisum L., Apiaceae) and Acetaminophen and Caffeine: A Potential Risk for Clinical Practice. Phytother Res. 2016 Feb;30(2):253-9. doi: 10.1002/ptr.5523. Epub 2015 Dec 1.
  29. Okonta, J. M., et. al. (2008). Herb-Drug Interaction: A Case Study of Effect of Ginger on the Pharmacokinetic of Metronidazole in Rabbit. Indian J Pharm Sci. 2008 Mar-Apr; 70(2): 230–232. doi: 10.4103/0250-474X.41462
  30. WebMD. (2020). GINGER - Interactions. Taken March 23, 2020, from: https://www.webmd.com/vitamins/ai/ingredientmono-961/ginger
  31. Ashoor, LA., et. al. (2010). Potential interactions between Cinnamon and Metformin treatment in diabetic rats. Biosciences Biotechnology Research Asia 7(2):607-616
  32. WebMD. (2020). CASSIA CINNAMON - Interactions. Taken March 23, 2020, from: https://www.webmd.com/vitamins/ai/ingredientmono-1002/cassia-cinnamon
  33. Maadarani, O., et. al. (2019). Adding Herbal Products to Direct-Acting Oral Anticoagulants Can Be Fatal. Eur J Case Rep Intern Med. 2019; 6(8): 001190. Published online 2019 Jul 19. doi: 10.12890/2019_001190





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Online/phone Appointments and Immunity Advise - Importance of Keeping Warm

24/3/2020

 
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Dear patients and friends,


I would like to announce that during the COVID19 pandemic I will be providing telehealth appointments to abide by our current lockdown requirements. 

I will be offering 15-minute consults for herbal medicine and supplements prescriptions.
​

During this time, I will be providing information on how to self-care at home to support one's immune system to stay as strong as possible during this home-bound time; as well as simple strategies that might be useful to help combat infections if you are sick at home.



Wind, cold and immunity.


Since ancient times in China, ancient doctors advised to stay away from the cold wind and to protect oneself properly during cold temperature periods to avoid catching "colds". Our current challenge during this pandemic is that we are heading into winter in the southern hemisphere.


Some evidence suggests that cold weather can diminish the immune response and allows for a quicker proliferation of the viruses that can create the common cold (1,2,3,4) and possibly increase the propensity for pneumonia (4).


A recent study of some immune responses against COVID19  showed that the body creates a vigorous response involving many complex stages in some recovered cases (5)


An article by Science Daily helps clarify that this immunity role is essential to survive pandemics such as this one and the lack of proper response possibly occurs in those who unfortunately died (6).


Thus, in light of this I would like to give you this advice:

​



 -Keep warm at all times by covering properly, especially if being out in the open. Try to wear a scarf and cover your head if necessary

 -Avoid cold drinks and foods at cold temperature, especially if you are in a cold place. Aim to drink more warm herbal teas and warm soups

 -If you become cold for any reason, try to warm up as soon as you can 

 -If you are caught in the cold rain, have a hot shower as soon as you get home and try to stay indoors afterwards

-Overall, keep warm




Let's all do our effort in staying warm to avoid overstraining our immune system and please look after each other during these challenging times.




References:


  1. LaVoy, EC., et. al. (2011). Immune responses to exercising in a cold environment. Wilderness Environ Med. 2011 Dec;22(4):343-51. doi: 10.1016/j.wem.2011.08.005. Epub 2011 Oct 7.
  2. Foxman, E. S., et. al. (2014). Temperature-dependent innate defence against the common cold virus limits viral replication at warm temperature in mouse airway cells. PNAS January 20, 2015 112 (3) 827-832; first published January 5, 2015 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1411030112
  3. Mourtzoukou, EG., & Falagas, ME. (2017). Exposure to cold and respiratory tract infections. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2007 Sep;11(9):938-43.
  4. Liu, Y., et. al. (2014). Temporal relationship between hospital admissions for pneumonia and weather conditions in Shanghai, China: a time-series analysis. Open 2014;4:e004961. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2014-004961
  5. University of Melbourne. "COVID-19: The immune system can fight back." ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 17 March 2020. <www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2020/03/200317103815.htm>.
  6. Thevarajan, I., et. al. (2020). Breadth of concomitant immune responses prior to patient recovery: a case report of non-severe COVID-19. Nature Medicine, 2020; DOI: 10.1038/s41591-020-0819-2


Image Credits: Ben Sprengler. Taken from Flickr





Finding Meaning in our Current Hardship (Man's Search for Meaning)

22/3/2020

 
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Dear friends,


Due to the coronavirus pandemic, we are going through very challenging times worldwide which will
surely deliver a great deal of suffering for most of us.

This is a time when we need to find hope and strength within ourselves to make it to the next stage. As such, I wanted to share with you some food for the soul and recommend you one of the greatest written works about mankind and our search for ourselves: 


"Man's Search for Meaning" By Dr Viktor E. Frankl.


​
This book is the work of the Psychiatric Dr Viktor E. Frankl while he was a Jewish prisoner in different concentration camps during WW2. The main message he evokes is that as humans, we can find life meaning through our pain and suffering by making evident the importance of establishing one's purpose in this life.

Dr Frankl's work is still incredibly relevant in today's society and it might help all of us find a better meaning to ourselves and our society during this current pandemic, as well as help us utilise our current misfortunes as a source of personal strength.

You can find the book in its written form or in audiobook form. You can actually find the audiobook version free to listen in YouTube.

If a man found the key to the meaning of life during one of the worse hardships that modern mankind has ever seen, then his message is one to be taken with the utmost thoughtfulness, especially during times likes this one.

Thank you Dr Frankl.

Chinese Medicine for Immune Support

15/3/2020

 
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​



Dear patients and friends,




I am currently offering short consults for herbal prescriptions for immune system support. There is some evidence that certain Chinese herbs may support immune-strengthening and immune-regulating effects such as Astragalus and Andrographis (1,2,3,4,5,6,7), and that might help with an anti-viral response such as Isatis (8,9,10,11,12).


Please contact me through the Contacts section or call my practices directly to arrange for a 15-minute appointment. Please do not come to the clinic if you are currently feeling cold/flu-like symptoms. A phone or video appointment can be arranged instead.




IMPORTANT NOTE:


We are currently experiencing a Coronavirus pandemic and there is currently no cure for this illness, only symptomatic treatment.


If you are experiencing symptoms such as fever, sore throat, tiredness, cough, shortness of breath; or other flu/cold-like symptoms you must contact your GP immediately, preferably by a phone call rather than a personal visit. 


You can also call the Coronavirus Information Helpline at 1800 020 080.

These are some online resources placed by the Australian Government that can give you more information regarding action and prevention:


www.healthdirect.gov.au/coronavirus

www.health.gov.au/news/health-alerts/novel-coronavirus-2019-ncov-health-alert

www.health.gov.au/health-topics/novel-coronavirus-2019-ncov#treatment




References:


  1. li, X., et. al. (2014). A Review of Recent Research Progress on the Astragalus Genus. Molecules 2014, 19, 18850-18880; doi:10.3390/molecules191118850
  2. Bratkov, B. M., et. al. (2016). Flavonoids from the Genus Astragalus: Phytochemistry and Biological Activity. Pharmacogn Rev. 2016 Jan-Jun; 10(19): 11–32.doi: 10.4103/0973-7847.176550. Taken from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4791984/
  3. Kim, B. H., et. al. (2014). Anti-inflammatory activity of compounds isolated from Astragalus sinicus L. in cytokine-induced keratinocytes and skin. Experimental & Molecular Medicine (2014) 46, e87; doi:10.1038/emm.2013.157
  4. Zhou, L., et. al. (2019). Astragalus polysaccharides exerts immunomodulatory effects via TLR4-mediated MyD88-dependent signaling pathway in vitro and in vivo. Scientific RepoRts | 7:44822 | DOI: 10.1038/srep44822
  5. Hossain, Md. S., et. al. (2014). Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) Wall. ex Nees: A Review of Ethnobotany, Phytochemistry, and Pharmacology. The Scientific World Journal Volume 2014, Article ID 274905, 28 pages http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/274905
  6. Wang, Y., et. al. (2018). Screening and Identification for Immunological Active Components from Andrographis Herba Using Macrophage Biospecific Extraction Coupled with UPLC/Q-TOF-MS. Molecules 2018, 23, 1047; doi:10.3390/molecules23051047
  7. Gan, L., et. al. (2019). Diterpenoid Lactones with Anti-Inflammatory Effects from the Aerial Parts of Andrographis paniculata. Molecules 2019, 24, 2726; doi:10.3390/molecules24152726
  8. Gao, B., et. al. (2018).Structure Analysis of Effective Chemical Compounds against Dengue Viruses Isolated from Isatis tinctoria. Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology Volume 2018, Article ID 3217473, 11 pages
  9. Zhou, et. al. (2017). Transcriptome profiling of influenza A virus- infected lung epithelial (A549) cells with lariciresinol-4-β-D-glucopyranoside treatment. PLoS ONE 12(3): e0173058. doi:10.1371/journal.
  10. Meng, et. al. (2017). Indole alkaloid sulfonic acids from an aqueous extract of Isatis indigotica roots and their antiviral activity. Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2017;7(3):334–341
  11. Chang, S-J., et. al. (2012). Antiviral Activity of Isatis indigotica Extract and Its Derived Indirubin against Japanese Encephalitis Virus. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine Volume 2012, Article ID 925830, 7 pages
  12. Yin, J. et. al. (2017). Chinese herbal medicine compound Yi-Zhi-Hao pellet inhibits replication of influenza virus infection through activation of heme oxygenase-1. Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2017;7(6):630–637


Image Credit: Cara Faus. Taken from Flickr




    Oscar Moreno

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